Radioreceiving system



H. H. BEVERAGE.

RADIORECEIVING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FlLED MAY3, 1921.

1,434,9 4 Patented Nov. 7,1922.

Inventor:

H arol d HJBevefage oy/Q 4 "W5 His Att orn'ey.

' upon a single antenna.

' Patented Nov. 7, I922.

HAROLD H. IBEVERAQ E, OF RIVERHEAD, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION- on NEW' vonx.

RADIORECEIVING SYSTEM.

- Application filed May '3, 19215 serm No. 46 ,475.

To all whomfit may concern-L a Be it known that I,- H'AROLD H. BEVERAGE, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Riverhead, in the county of Suffolk, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radioreceiving Systems, of which the following is a specification;

My present invention relates to radlo receiving systems, and more particularly to a system which permits of the reception of signals coming-from more than one direction "In my prior application." Serial No. 372,933, filed April 10,'1920, issued'June 7, 192.1, as Patent No. 1,381,089, I have described and claimed a form of horizontal re-' ceiving antenna which is especially adapted for the efficient reception of signals from any desired direction. I have pointed-out in that application, but have not claimeda method of operation whereby it is possible to employ the same antenna for simultaneously receiving signals from two different directions.

One ofthe objects of my present invention is toprovide a method of and means for accomplishing the result mentioned a more specific object of my invention is to provide apparatus whereby the desired reception from two difl'erent directions may be accomplished at a single-receiving station.

I have pointed out in the above-mentioned application that with a long horizontal receiving antenna extending in the general direction of transmission of signali'ngwaves to be 1 received, signaling currents produced in the antenna by waves coming from one particular transmittingstation will be strongest at the ends of the antenna farthest-from.- the transmitting stationwhile currents produced by waves coming from the'opposite direction will be a minimum at that point. This permits of the reception of waves coming from opposite directions by'connecting the receiving apparatus atoppositeends of the antenna It .will in general, however, be de.

.-sirable to accomplish the desired reception from the two directions atthe same point. In order to accomplishthis result I may locate the receiving apparatus at either end of the antenna and utilize the antenna as -a transmission line for conveying signaling currents from the opposite end of the antenna to the receiving station. ()ne receiving set will then be operated by means of the currents flowing in the groundconnection of the antenna at the receiving station and the other set of receiving apparatus will be op-- erated by meansof the currents transmitted over the antenna as a transmission line.

The novel features wh ch Ibelieve to be characteristic of my invention are set forth in the appendedclaims. The invention'itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation will best be'understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which I have indicated diagrammatically one wayin which my inventionmay be carried intofefi ect.

As indicated in the drawing,-.I provide a long horizontal receiving antenna'made' up of two'conducto-rs 1 and 2, which are ground- -ed at the ends 3 and 4. -If this antennais constructed with distributed constants of such value that the current wave therein travels at the same velocity or substantially the same velocity as the ether wave, the current wave in the antenna will gradually build up and become, a maximum at th'eend farthest from the transmitting station. Currents produced at the end 3' by ether waves" I value at the end 4 anda maximum value at the end In order to prevent reflection of the current waves flowing in .the antenna from theends, the" ground connections are madethrough resistancesfi and 6 having a value substantially equal to the surge impedance of the antennafl \Vhilethe receiving antenna. should preferably have such constants thatthecurrent wave travels therein a't 'the same velocity as the ether wave this is not essential for; suc. ce'ssful results" incarrying out my invention. If the velocity of the current wave in the antenna differs somewhat from that of the ether 'wave then for a certain distance the waveslwill add and apoint will finally bereached where one wave will be so far in a dvance of the other that the two will be in phase opposition. Interference will then 00- 4 toward the end 3 will have a minimum cur and the current wave will start to de length at which the current wave becomes maximum willbe at least as great as a half wave length of the signaling Waves to be re- 4. of the antenna.

ceived.

. In the present case I have indicated the ployed as. a transmission line. In order to accomplish this the currents in, the antenna conductors flowing toward the end 3 are caused to'flow' to ground through the primary winding 7 of. the transformer, the secondary 8 of whichhas its terminals con-- nected to conductors l and 2 respectively. As a result the signaling currents flowing to ground at- 3 produce currents flowing in opposite directions in the conductors 1 and '2. In other words, the conductors 1- and 2 form the two sides of a transmission linevhich is completed by meansaof the primary 9 of-the transformer 'at the end 4: ofthe antenna. The mid-point of the windingi) being connected to ground at 4 and the midpoint ofthesecondary 8 being connected to circuit associated with the receiving set 21.. Th'sneutralizing component is impressed ground at point 3 substantially no current will be produced at the round connection 4 by; means of the s'igna ing currents con 'veyed' overthe transmission l1ne.- v,

The signaling currents produced by waves v coming from the two different directions which are caused to flow in the ground connection ate and in the secondary winding 10, are impressed upon the input-circuits of the two electron'discharge amplifiers 11 and produced in this-resonant circuit are iInpressed by means of the coupling .23 upon 12, of the usual "three-electrode type. The output circuits of these amplifiers include coupling coils 13, 1,4,wh'ich are coupled by' variable couplings to coils 15, 16, and 17, 18,

respectively. Current produced incoil 16 is caused to flow .in the resonant circuit connested thereto whichis tuned by mean'sof capacity 19'to the frequency of thesignaling waves which a e tobe'received' and'whi'c travel from the end 3 toward the end 4.,

currents flowing in this resonant circuit'are impressed by means of coupling 20'u'pon .the receiving apparatus 21, which may be of any desired form. Currents produced in: the coil 18 are'i mpressed upon a resonant circuit 't'unedby-means of the variable condenser 22 to the frequency of the waves to be received which'are-tr'aveling from the end 4.- toward the end 3 of the antenna, and the currents the second receiving set 24. ,The waves, to be-received in set 24 magc be of the same frequency or" a difierent frequency from those received in set 21. v

VVhile a longhorizontal antenna such asthat employed has decided unidirectional properties, mathematical analysis indicates ,tlponi-the resonant circuit from the phase and experience shows thatat the end farthest from the transmittingstatio'n small currents the antenna so that no reflection occurs. In

some cases,also, it may happen that while the antenna is adjusted so that the receiving apparatus ,is not affected by disturbing waves'coming from a direction exactly opposite to that of the desired signal, it is affected by disturbances coming from some other direction, for instance, 160 from the transmitting station and that it is more important to 1im1t the effect of the disturbing. waves coming frointhis direction than-those coming from the'direction 180 from the transmitting station. Inorder to eliminate the effect of the undesired waves mentioned, in

the receiving set 21,; a current component is impressed by means of the coil 17 upon .a

phase rotator 25 by means of which the "phase of this component is adjusted so asbe opposite in phase to the undesired com-,'

pbnent of the current flowing in the resonant rotator 25 and the intensity of this neutraliz ing component is adjusted to secure the desired neutralization by means of the variable coupling between coils '14 and 17. In 1 the same way undesired currents are neutralized in the receiving set 24 by means'oif the current componentproduced by means of the c'oil15 and phase rotator 2B. 1

While I have described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent that m'y invention is by no means limited to the precise arrangement shown and that modificationstherein may be made without departing from the scope of my inventionas set forth in the'appended claimsf While in general: it, will be desirable that the receiving antenna. be located-so that the two sets of signals "to be received come from direc-; tions 180 apart, or approximately so, they.

apparatus which Ihave shown may be suc-v cesstully -emp-loyed"for receivinggsignalscomlng from two. directions at an angle much less than 180 J I have indicated-the receiving station as being located at one end of the antenna, but this is not ess'ential'in carrying out my invention as the receiving station may be located at any'desi'red point and connected.

with the desired points in the antenna in such a way that 'the desired signaling currents may be impressed upon the receiving apparatus .in the general manner indicated. While I haveindicated the points at which thesignaling currents are selected, as'being' located at the two ends of the antenna, and

While in general these points will be the most suitable, the selection of these particu-,

lar points is not essential to the carrying out of my invention as in some cases itmay happen that the signalingci'irrents will be stronger or Will have a more favorable stray ratio at some other point along the length of the antenna than the end. \Vhenl speak, thereltlore, of the point Where the signaling currents received from a desired" station are strongest, it will be understood that I mean rection or from both directions.

either the point Where they are of the great; est amplitude, or where'jthe stray ratio is most favorable for desired reception lVhile I have shown'only a single receiv- 'ing set for receiving waves coming from each direction the. system which I have shown and described may equally 'well'be employed for receiving simultaneously a plurality of signals coming from either di' What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is;:-' 1. A receiving system for radio signals comprising horizontal receiving antenna which 1s grounded at botli ends. and has distributed'constant's of such value that elec-- means associated with said antenna at-one tric waves produced therein by desired-signaling waves will be propagated'falong its length at substantially the same velocity as that at which the desired signaling waves travel along its length in theether, and means associated with said antenna for selectively'receiving signals coming from opposite directions. 1

2.1-1 receiving system' for radiosignals comprising a horizgntal receiving antenna which is grounded at both ends and has (listrib ute'd constants of such value that electric waves produced therein by desired signaling waves'will be propagated along its length at substantially the same velocity as .thatat which the desired signaling waves travel along its length in the ether, and

point along its length for receiving signals 3 'coming from differentdirections. I

comprising a horizontal receiving antenna wli1ch is grounded at both ends and has distributed constantsot such value that electric waves produced therein by desired signaling waves will be propagated along its length at substantially the same velocity as that at which the desired signaling Waves travel along its lengthinthe ether, and. means associated with said antenna at one.

end thereof for selectively and simultaneously receiving signals coming from opposite directions. y r -5;.,A receiving system for radio signals comprising a horizontal receiving antenna, means for utilizing said antenna as a transmission line for conveying signaling currents from a selected point in said antenna where signaling currents received on the antenna from a desired station are strongest to'a distant receiving station. located along the length ofs-aid antenna, and means associated with said antenna at the receiving station for selectively and simultaneously receiving both the signaling currentsthus transmitted, andsignaling currents received 'on the antennafrom a direction different from that 'of the, desired station.

6. A receiving system'for radio signals comprising a horizontal receiving antenna, means for utilizing said antenna as a transmission line 'foriconveying signaling currents from the end of said antenna, Where signaling currents received on the antenna fronia desired station are'st-rongest to a dis 1 tant receiving station located along the length of saidantenna, and means associated with said antenna at the receiving station for selectively and simultaneously re-. ceiving both the signaling currents thus transmitted and signaling currents received on the antenna from a station locatedcin a different direction from the receiving station'thanthat of the first -station;

' 7. "A receiving system for radio signals comprising 'along horizontal receiving antenna,'gro1 1nd connections. at both ends of said antenna, means for utilizing said antennaas a transmission line tor conveying signaling currents from a selected pointin 'said antenna ivlieiresignaling currents received 'on the antenna from a desired station are strongest to a listant receiving station located along---tl1e length of said antenna, a pair of receiving sets, a pair of electron discharge devices having input and output of circuits, means for impressing the signaling currents thus transmitted upon the input circuit of'one of said electron dis-c charge devices, "means for impressing currents from one ot the ground connections of said antenna upon the input. circuit of the second electron discharge device, and

'means for impressing'currents. from both of the. output circuits of said electron d1s-' charge devices upon both of the receiving sets. v

8. A receiving system for radio signals comprising a long horizontal receiving antenn'a, ground connections at both ends of saictaritenna, means for utilizing said antenna as a transmission line for conveying; signalingcurrents from a selected point in said antenna where signaling currentsre- "ceived on the antenna from a. desired sta; 5 ztionare strongest to a distant receiving station located along the, length of said antenna, a pair of receiving sets, a pain of electron-discharge devices having input and output circuits, means for impressing the signaling currents thus transmitted upon the input circuit of one of said electron dischargedevices, means for impressing cur rents from one; of the ground connections of said antenna upon, the input circu t of for impressing currents from both of the output circuitsof said: electron discharge devices, upon'both of thereceiving sets, and

' means for regulating the phase and in- "the receiving sets. a

9. A receiving system .for radio signals comprising a horizontal receiving, antenna which -is grounded at both ends, a transmission line for carrying signaling currents from a selected: point in saidantenna to a receiving station located at a distant point alongthe length of said antenna, two receiving sets at the receiving station, means for impressing upon one receiving set currents conveyed over said transmission lines, means for impressing upon the second receivi'n set currents flowing in the round connection at one end of saidantenna, 35

ing set fromvthe ground connection currents of equal magnitude and opposite phase to those impressed thereon from the transmission line which are produced by waves coming-from'a. different direction than that 'of the desired signaling waves to be received by that set and means for impressing upon thesecond receiving set from the transmission line currents of equal magnitude on from the'ground connection, which are produced by waves coming from a-difierent direction than thatof the desired signaling current produced in the antenna at points along its length by desired signaling waves in the ether ,will add to tlie"current'flow-- ing therein through a-distance which is at least. equal to a half wave length of the deflsired signaling wave and means associated with said antenna for selectively receiving,

signals coming from opposite directions.

1 11. The method of operating a radio re 'sists in impressing upon one of said receivby signaling the second electron discharge device,'means sets desired signaling currents produced in tensity of the currents thus'impressed upon in impressing upon one of said receiving 'ing currents produced in the other fground means for impressing upon the first's receiv and opposite phase to those impressed there-Q 'ceivin s stemcom risin a horizontal receiving antenna. which is grounded at both ends and two receivmg sets, which coning sets currents produced in said antenna by-signaling waves coming from one direction and impressing uponvthe other receivng set currents produced 1n said antenna waves coming from a dlfl'erent direction, 7 5

127 The method of operating a radio re- "ceiving system comprising a horizontal rece v ng antennawhlch is grounded at both ends and ,two receiving sets Which consists in impressing upon one of-said receiving one of said ground connections and impressing upon the other receiving set desired signaling currents produced in the other ground connection.

13. .The method of operatinga radio receiving system comprising a horizontal receiving antenna which is groundedgat both i ends and two receiving sets' which consists ,90' sets desired signaling currents produced in zone of said ground connections impressing upon the otherr'eceiving set desired signal-v connect-ion, and neutralizing the e ct in 5 'the first receiving-set 'of undesiredcurrents therein by impressing thereon currents of; equal intensity and opposite phase derived from the second ground connection.

,14. The method of operating a radio receiving system comprising a horizontal receiving antenna wh ch is grounded at both ends and two receiving sets which consists inimpressing upon one of said receivingsets desired signaling currents produced in oneof said ground connections, impressing ,upon the other receiving set desired signaling currents produced in theother ground connection, and neutralizing the effect in the first receiving set of undesired currents? 1 0 there n by impressing thereon currents of equal i'nt'ensityand opposite phase derived from the second'ground connection, and neutrahzmg the effectin the second receiving set of undesiredfcurrents therein. by im- 116-" pressing thereon current s of equal intensity and opposite-pha se derived from the-first ground-connection. p

' 15. The method of 'operating'a. radio receiving system comprising a horizontal re- 12o ceiving antenna which is grounded a t both 'ends and 'two receiving sets which consists in impressing upon. oneof said receiving sets currents produce-d in'said antenna at.

a selected point-by signaling-waves comin'g from one directionand impressing upon the other receiving set. currents produced in said antennafiat another selected point. by signaling waves coming from a different di rection.

16. The method of operating a radio receiving system comprising a horizontal re-"- ceivlng antenna which is grounded at both ends andtwo receiving sets which cons sts in lmpressing upon one of sand receiving sets desired signaling currents p'roduced in ond selected point.

17. The method of operating a radio receiving system comprising a horizontal re- 7 ceiving antenna which'is grounded at both ends and two receiving sets which-consists 1n impressing upon one of said rece ving sets desired signaling currents produced in said antenna at a selected point impressing upon the second receiving set desired sigvnaling currents-produced in said antenna ata second selected point and neutralizing the eflect in the first receiving set of undesired currents therein by impressingthereon currents of equal intensity andmpposite phase derived fromthe'antenna atthe second selectedlpoint and neutralizing the efiect in" the second receiving set of undesired cur-.

rents therein by impressing thereon cur.-

rents of equal intensity and opposite phase derived from the antenna at the first select- 'ed point, y

In witness whereof I have hereunto set this twenty ninth day of April, a

my hand 1921i HAROLD Hi BEVERAGE. 

